just before the first time the Papacy has Angelo Francois Mariani at the Vatican to award him a gold medal as a benefactor of humanity- a papal warning shot?
Jesuitical Church of England Lies About Coca Wine- Confuses Vastly Different Potencies (0.6 mg to 30+mg per fluid ounce) Confusing Vin Mariani (6-7.5 mg) with Cocaine Moonshine (30+mg)
The Church of England Pulpit, and Ecclesiastical Review, Volume 44
https://books.google.com/books?id=bmM0AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA307&dq=%E2%80%98The+Dangers+of+Coca+Wines%E2%80%99,+British+Medical+Journal,&hl=en&sa=Xamp;ved=0ahUKEwjMl7ujhLrJAhXLOyYKHa0vBcI4qgEQ6AEITTAJ#v=onepage&q=%E2%80%98The%20Dangers%20of%20Coca%20Wines%E2%80%99%2C%20British%20Medical%20Journal%2C&f=false
Saturday December 25, 1897 p 307
NERVE TONICS AND ALCOHOLISM
NOTE of warning has just been raised in the pages of the British Medical journal, which should claim the attention not only of the medical profession, but of every Temperance reformer in the country, as it reveals a danger hitherto unsuspected by the majority of us, although the facts show that the matter has already assumed grave proportions. .
It appears that during the last few years coca wine has become increasingly popular as a nerve tonic or “pick me-up,” with the result that in innumerable cases its use has led to confirmed alcoholism.
As coca-wine is usually made up in a highly palatable form, it is consumed not by invalids and convalescents only. but is largely-most probably chiefly-—taken by men and women who from fancied malaise think that a tonic is necessary, and, worse than all, it is given to growing girls and young children, for whom alcohol in any form should be strictly avoided.
When we enquire into the composition of coca wines, we find that no definite formula exists for their preparation, and that of the various kinds now sold, some are made from coca-leaves, some from the liquid extract, and yet another kind from hydrochloride of cocaine, and not from coca at ‘all.
All, however, are equally [!] dangerous, inasmuch as there is always a sufficiently large quantity of alcohol (18 to 29 per cent.) [DW note- Vin Mariani was 16.15 per cent alcohol] to create a craving for drink, or to arouse any dormant inherited tendency to alcoholism, where such exists.
The sooner that this misconception as to the true nature of coca-wines and similar preparations is abandoned, the better it will be for all concerned.
As this is a social evil affecting the moral well being of our wives and daughters-probably more than our men——no means at our command should be spared to combat it, using not the intemperate and hysterical language of which so many Temperance reformers are guilty even in these fin de siècle days, but by calling in the aid of modern science let us rather teach the rising generation what the now well-proved physiological effects of alcohol are on the human body, and what heredity means in this connection.
The February 6, 1897
British Medical Journal ‘The Dangers of Coca Wines’, p 353
There is no doubt that the steadily
increasing consumption of coca wine is a subject which calls for comment and
investigation. We find that coca wine
and other medicated wines are largely sold to people who are considered, and
consider themselves to be totally abstainers.
It is not uncommon to hear the mother of a family say, “I never allow my
girls to touch stimulants of any kind, but give them each a glass of coca wine
at eleven in the morning, and again at bedtime”. Originally coca wine was
made from coca leaves, but is now commonly a solution of the alkaloid in a
sweet and unusually strong alcoholic wine.
According to the Board of Trade regulations a wine containing a grain of
any salt of cocaine in the ounce may be sold without a wine license; this may
be the explanation of the frequency with which we see bottles of “coca
champagne” exhibited in the windows of the drug stores. Not long ago a physician reported that he had
experienced considerable inconvenience from taking a glass of standardized coca
wine which he had mistaken for an innocuous beverage. Still more recently we have been furnished
with details of the case of a man who thinking to abjure the use of alcoholic
stimulants, drank coca wine so freely that he died of delirium tremors. School mistresses as a rule have a deep
rooted belief in the efficacy of the popular drug, and give it to their pupils
on the slightest provocation, in complete ignorance of the fact that they are
establishing a liking not only for alcohol, but for the far more insidious and
pernicious poison cocaine. The child who
is the innocent victim of cocainism is wayward in disposition, is restless and
disturbed at night, and is incapable of prolonged application. The mania for taking narcotic stimulants is
widespread, and is a distinct source of danger to the national health. It is difficult to say at present what steps
should be taken, but it is obvious that at no distant date some restrictions
will have to be placed on the sale of coca wine and its cogeners.
1904:
That there is a distinction in use and abuse, as well as a recognizable
difference between a mild wine adapted for the sick, and the promiscuous
use of strong drink, cannot be- better shown than through the following
extract of a recent letter referring to Vin Mariani:
"The
dangers of alcoholism would be avoided if no other stimulant were taken
for mental or physical trials than that offered by the generous Vin
Mariani.
"Mesureur."
The full importance of this
will be better appreciated when it is recalled that [Gustave] Mesureur is the
Director of Hygiene and Public Health in Paris, France, and it was he
who approved and signed the radical governmental posters against
alcoholism. That his favoring sentiment is accepted by those who have
personally familiarized themselves with the merits of Vin Mariani is
further shown by liberal commendations from many members of the most
conservative of all medical societies—The Academy of Medicine o£ Paris.
France—an opinion which is supplemented by a majority of professors of
the Faculty of Medicine of France.—Coca Leaf, March, 1904.
April 2, 1847 - August 19, 1925
COCA IS NOT COCAINE
Vin Mariani was used by the
profession fully twenty years before cocaine was known in medicine. In fact, though this preparation physicians
were made familiar with the properties of coca, and this was the original and
only available for of employing the remedy.
The popularity of Vin Mariani has led imitators to foster upon the
profession artificial substitutes concocted by adding cocaine to wine. Such base frauds masquerading as coca wine- a
title originated by M. Mariani- have done great evil and tend to unjustly cause
condemnation of all coca preparations as but false products.
Evils resulting from substitution
and imitation of Vin Mariani and the abuse occasioned by these false
concoctions, have led to the introduction of State laws restricting the sale of
cocaine and of cocaine preparations.
From the first Mariani & Co. have been heartily in accord with such
humane legislation, and as manufacturers of the standard and original Coca
Wine, urge official analysis of their preparations as testimony of the confidence
reposed in them by the medical profession who have long recognized the worth of
Vin Mariani, and who continue to prescribe it.
It is but just to emphasize these truths and explain the difference
between a true coca wine and base and dangerous impositions fortified by adding
free cocaine.
Many physicians and laymen seem to
think that coca partakes more or less the nature of cocaine, and that the evil
effects of the latter may be produced by the former. This is altogether incorrect.
DANGEROUS SPURIOUS IMITATIONS- SO
CALLED COCA WINES WHICH ARE A SOURCE OF DANGER
The attention of the medical
profession is earnestly directed to the various dangerous decoctions
masquerading as Coca Wine. These
decoctions are intended as meretricious imitations of the standard French
preparation “Vin Mariani”, which has been so widely indorsed by, and whose
merits are so well known to, the medical fraternity that it would be
superfluous to enter into any lengthy enumeration here of its virtue.
Investigation discloses that these
so-called Coca Wines are generally variable solutions of the alkaloid cocaine,
in sweetened wine of a low grade (artificial wines). Quantities of such so-called Coca Wine have
been seized by various health authorities and destroyed. Any physician will realize the danger ensuing
from the use of decoctions of such a character.
These spurious and dangerous
preparations are having the effect of causing misapprehension and working an
indirect injury to a really valuable drug, for the real usefulness and value of
Coca, when conscientiously prepared and properly administered, have long since
been recognized by the medical fraternity.
Physicians will not encounter
disappointment whenever using “Vin Mariani,” the standard French Coca Wine, as
an adjuvant in treatment, as a tonic stimulant, and as a restorative in cases
of profound depression, aneamia, and exhaustion. It has stood the test in practice during
thirty five years, and during that period has been strongly endorsed as a
reliable and standard preparation by many of the most honored names in the
medical profession, both in this country and in Europe.
Physicians are, therefore,
earnestly urged, when prescribing Coca, to insist that their patients procure
“Vin Mariani,” thus avoiding any failure in results, and insuring positively no
unpleasant or dangerous after-effects.
There have been placed on file by
Mariani & Co. more than eight thousand indorsements from leading
practitioners all coinciding as to the merits of “Vin Mariani.” It can be claimed: “Never has anything less
been so highly and justly praised.
1897
Medical Journal review:
https://books.google.com/books?id=PlwCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA133&dq=coca+wine&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjE9qTKi7rJAhWM6iYKHYvFCcI4lgEQ6AEIRDAE#v=onepage&q=coca%20wine&f=false
Coca Wine and its Dangers served the British Medical Journal as a text last week, but it is difficult to see where the claim of that paper for further restriction to be placed on the sale of such wine comes in. The first argument employed is that, “coca wine” and other medicated wines are largely sold to people who are considered, and consider themselves, total abstainers.” But the term “wine” has a well-defined meaning, and there is no deception practiced in the matter, so if abstainers choose to take stimulants and prefer them in a comparably disagreeable form, why should other people be restricted in their use of medicated wines? Then it is stated, apparently as a grievance, that “originally coca wine was made from coca leaves, but is now commonly a solution of the alkaloid in a sweet and usually strong alcoholic wine,” and “not long ago a physician reported that he has experienced considerable inconvenience from taking a glass of standardized (sic) coca wine which he had mistaken as an innocuous beverage.” Apparently this medical writer assumes that coca wine made from the leaves contains no alcohol, and that the leaves contain no cocaine. This at least is the logical deduction from his arguments. As a matter of fact coca wine is now prepared by both methods, wine containing alcohol being used in every case, and no attempt being made to disguise the fact. Anyone, therefore, who resorts to the use of such preparations does so with his eyes open so far as the presence of alcohol is concerned. The real danger is in the continued use of cocaine, and the possibly of risk in this direction is intensified by the varying strengths of the coca wines on the market, some containing as much as half a grain (30mg) per ounce, and others containing as little as one-hundredth of a grain (0.6mg) [with Vin Mariani at 6-7 mg]. A preparation of this nature being in active demand, the obvious remedy for the existing state of affairs might be to make coca wine official in the next British Pharmacopia.
1972 Consumer Reports
Licit and Illicit Drugs footnote pp 269-270
Dr. Jarome H. Jaffee wrote (1965): "It is reported that two million Peruvians who live in the Andean highlands, or 90 percent of the adult male population, consume cocaine ... in the form of coca leaves. In view of the fact that many of these highlanders, who have chewed coca leaves for years, abandon the practice when transferred to a lower altitude, it does not seem appropriate to call this use of cocaine an addiction."
A Brief History of Cocaine by Toxicologist Steven Karch:
http://freedomofmedicineanddiet.blogspot.com/2015/11/dilute-cocaine-in-vin-mariani-coca-cola.html
The
medical literature of the late 1800s contains dozens of reports
describing severe, occasionally lethal, reactions to cocaine anesthesia.
But as far as anyone knows, no one ever became ill, let alone
addicted, to Vin Mariani, or any other coca-based wine. Vin Mariani
contained only a very small amount of cocaine, probably less than 6 mg
per ounce, not enough to cause toxicity. When combined with
alcohol, however, a 6 to 8 ounce serving would have been more than
enough to create feelings of well being. The real secret behind Vin
Mariani's success was not even known to Mariani, and was only discovered
more than a century later.
In the late 1980s, the number of
cocaine-related deaths in Miami, Florida began to explode. lee Hearn, a
toxicologist with the Miami Dade County Medical Examiner office, and
Deborah Mash, a neurochemist at the University of Miami, first noted
that when the deceased had been drinking alcohol and using cocaine at
the same time, a new molecule, somewhat like cocaine, could be detected
in their urine. These observations were confirmed by Peter Jatlow at
Yale, and another group of scientists in Barcelona. It is now clear
that cocaethylene has most of the same stimulant properties as cocaine,
but that it lasts much longer. Even though the cocaine content of
Mariani's wine was relatively low, mixing the cocaine with alcohol
resulted in a much higher effective dose!
Coca-Cola contained even less cocaine than Vin Mariani. According to a
formulation held by the great-grandson of Frank Robinson, one of
Coca-Cola's founders, 10 pounds of coca leaf were used to make 36
gallons of syrup. Coca leaf from South America contains very little
cocaine, probably less than 0.5%, and not all of that can be extracted.
Thus Coca-Cola, as originally produced, would have contained about 100
mg of cocaine per gallon (10lb=22.5 kg, 55 x 22.5 kg = 112 mg) or 1.5 mg
per ounce, only one-fourth the amount of cocaine found in Vin Mariani.
Cocaine in the potencies of a coca extract were too low to easily cause toxicity, with Vin Mariani having only 6-7.5 mg per fluid ounce. Cocaine in the potencies of a so called coca wine made with the isolated alkaloid in far higher concentrations as those of 30mg per fluid ounce or higher could conceivably be problematic.
So why did the Church of England lump these vastly different levels of potency together as “equally” dangerous?
As if different potencies were equal!
http://continuingcounterreformation.blogspot.com/2015/06/20th-century-pharmacratic-inquisition.html
http://freedomofmedicineanddiet.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-evil-prohibition-to-promote.html
James Harry Covington (1870-1942) — also known as J. Harry Covington — of Easton, Talbot County, Md.; Washington, D.C. Born in Easton, Talbot County, Md., May 3, 1870. Democrat. Lawyer; Talbot County State's Attorney, 1903-09; U.S. Representative from Maryland 1st District, 1909-14; resigned 1914; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Maryland, 1912 (chair, Committee on Rules and Order of Business; speaker); justice of District of Columbia supreme court, 1914-18. Episcopalian. Member, Kappa Sigma. Died in Washington, D.C., February 4, 1942 (age 71 years, 277 days). Interment at Spring Hill Cemetery.
